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The article completion score is designed to help authors identify parts of their articles that can be expanded upon. We highly recommend completing the following steps to significantly increase this article's score: Please provide more information in the Overview section of the Summary tab. Please provide more information in the Covalent modifications section of the Protein tab. If applicable, please provide more information in the Isoforms section of the Protein tab. Please provide more information in the Overview section of the Structure tab. Comments (post) There are no comments posted here... Yet. Overview Nr2e1 is expressed predominantly in the forebrain and dorsal midbrain regions throughout development[1] and remains expressed in the adult subventricular and subgranular zones, areas of active neurogenesis[2][3][4]. Expression begins as early as E8 in the brain and peaks at E12.5[1], after which expression drops until after birth[5]. At E12.5, expression is high in the lateral telencephalon (dorsal and lateral pallium, and lateral ganglionic eminence), and low in the dorsomedial pallium and medial ganglionic eminence[6]. In the eye, Nr2e1 is expressed in the neural retina and optic stalk at E13[7]. Specifically, Nr2e1 is expressed in retinal progenitor cells, Müller glia, and astrocytes[8], including proangiogenic retinal astrocytes[9]. At E14.5, expression is similar to E12.5 but also in the ventricular zone of the third ventricle[6]. Expression is also observed in the adult retina and is required for vision[10][11][7][12][13]. Nr2e1 is expressed in neural stem cells and co-stains with nestin, RC2, and almost always with BrdU and Ki67[14][15][16][17][18]. Nestin co-expression in the SVZ and SGZ was verified with a β-galactosidase reporter knocked-in at the Nr2e1 locus[14]. Sparse expression was also observed in the cortex[14]. When isolated using FACS, β-gal-positive presumptive NSCs isolated from brain tissue proliferate in NSC-proliferation medium[14]. In vivo, expression is limited to type B neural stem cells (co-stained with Gfap), and not in type C transitly-amplifying progenitors or type A immature migratory neuroblasts[2]. Nr2e1 is also required for the transition from radial glial to astrocyte-like NSCs around P9[16]. Interestingly, a sub-population of excitatory glutamatergic neurons express Nr2e1 as well, where its function is unknown[3]. An Nr2e1 BAC driving cre recombinase crossed to a ROSA26 mouse indicated that expression is found in the subventricular zone, rostral migratory stream, and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus[2]. This expression is confirmed by Allen Brain Atlas in situ hybridization. In Drosophila, tailless (Nr2e1) does not seem to be self-regulatory[19], consistent with studies of β-gal expression in Nr2e1lacZ/- mice[14]. In Xenopus, Xtll (Nr2e1) expression has been detected in the brain, eye, and testes[10]; however, in mouse, Nr2e1 was not detected in testes[20]. In Fugu, expression is strongly observed in the brain and eye[11]. In vitro, Nr2e1 is detected under proliferation and not differentiation conditions of neural stem cells, wherein it is localized to the nucleus[15]. The regulation of NSC proliferation is primarily in a cell-autonomous fashion, as growth factors from surrounding wild-type cells cannot rescue the proliferation defects of null cells[3]. In the eye, Nr2e1 expression is rapidly downregulated upon contact with blood vessels and levels are regulated by oxygen concentration[9]. Co-expression of VEGF and fibronectin is found in retinal astrocytes, where Nr2e1 is important for establishing the retinal astrocyte extracellular fibronectin network[9]. References
Expression (automatically populated) About this section The expression data displayed in this section is sourced from the UCSC Genome Browser. Karolchik D, Kuhn RM, Baertsch R, Barber GP, Clawson H, Diekhans M, Giardine B, Harte RA, Hinrichs AS, Hsu F, Kober KM, Miller W, Pedersen JS, Pohl A, Raney BJ, Rhead B, Rosenbloom KR, Smith KE, Stanke M, Thakkapallayil A, Trumbower H, Wang T, Zweig AS, Haussler D, Kent WJ. The UCSC Genome Browser Database: 2008 update. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Jan;36(Database issue):D773-9. Epub 2007 Dec 17. ![]() GNF Expression Atlas 2 Data from U133A and GNF1H Chips Using GNF ID 207443_at that is linked to Ensembl Transcript ID ENST00000368986
Mouse Brain Expression Data from Allen Brain Atlas Links ABA - Expression in Mouse Development (new window)Expression of Nr2e1 by in situ hybridization throughout development of the mouse embryo Dr. Elizabeth M. Simpson (new window)Research on Nr2e1 at the Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia |